2018 HOA Legislative Update — Not Fixing the Real Problems (and Creating Some Really Bad Ones, too).
The 2018 Arizona Legislative session has gotten off to a fairly unremarkable start for homeowners that potentially promises to make some really bad law for homeowners and fails to fix any of the real problems that homeowners, individuals, and consumers face on a daily basis.
Is a Debt Collector Suing You in a "Foreign" Court
The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ("FDCPA") expressly prohibits a debt collector from bringing a legal action in a "foreign" venue. See 15 U.S.C. § 1692i. "Foreign" does not mean account on another country or even another state. For purposes of the FDCPA, a "foreign" court is any court that is not located in q judicial district in which you reside or in which you signed the contract that is at issue in the lawsuit.
A Practical Guide to the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
Codes of Conduct are all the rage in HOAs and condominium communities. Some associations are even attempting to insert these Codes of Conduct into their bylaws, declarations, and other governing documents. There's just one major flaw with Codes of Conduct -- they are invalid and unenforceable.
Consider what appears to be a fairly innocuous Code of Conduct:
Board Members Can't Exclude the Opposition from Meetings
HOA boards cannot exclude or prohibit board members from executive sessions or other meetings. In McNally v. Sun Lakes Homeowners Association #1, Inc., 241 Ariz. 1, 382 P.3d 1216 (October 13, 2016), the Court of Appeals rejected an association's argument to exclude a board member from all executive sessions, holding that "bypassing the motion, the Board prevented [her] from performing her duties and responsibilities as a director."
The Court wrote:
A Big Victory for the Little Guy in HOA Law!
In Turtle Rock III Homeowners Association v. Fisher, 243 Ariz. 294, 406 P.3d 824 (October 26, 2017), Division One of the Arizona Court of Appeals held that homeowners associations are prohibited from imposing and collecting fines or penalties if the HOA did not have a valid, published written fine penalty policy. The absence of such a policy was per se unreasonable and, as such, the fines were unenforceable.
Second Mortgages and Lines of Credit
Arizona law prohibits a lender from filing a lawsuit to collect on a home loan where the loan represents “purchase money,” that is, money used to purchase the property. This includes purchase money loans that are technically denominated as “home equity lines of credit” taken out at the time of the original purchase of the home. It also includes first, second, and even third mortgages where the money was borrowed as part of the purchase of the property
What happens after the bankruptcy discharge: An emerging (and disturbing) trend in foreclosure, bankruptcy, and HOA law
The prevalence of foreclosures in the real estate market has had several unexpected repercussions to distressed homeowners who have made the decision to walk away from their home. Banks appear to be unable, incapable, or unwilling to handle the volume of foreclosures, so a distressed homeowner may continue to own his or her home for months, and occasionally even years, after receiving a Notice of Trustee’s Sale (rather than the 90-days stated in the Notice).